The prostate is a small gland found in males, part of the male reproductive system, located just below the bladder and in front of the rectum. It surrounds the urethra, the tube that carries urine from the bladder out through the penis.
The primary function of the prostate gland is to produce seminal fluid, a milky substance that nourishes and protects sperm. During ejaculation, the muscles of the prostate gland contract, releasing this fluid into the urethra where it mixes with sperm from the testicles and other fluids from the seminal vesicles to form semen.
The prostate is also susceptible to other conditions including prostatitis (inflammation or infection of the prostate) and prostate cancer, which is one of the most common cancers in men.
The size of the prostate changes over a man's lifetime and can be influenced by hormones, especially testosterone. As men age, the prostate can undergo changes that might cause issues such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), which is a non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate gland. BPH can lead to symptoms like difficulty urinating, frequent urination, weak urine stream, or the feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder.
Regular check-ups with a healthcare provider, especially for men over the age of 50, are recommended to monitor prostate health. Screening tests like the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) blood test and digital rectal exams are used to detect prostate-related conditions, including cancer, at an early stage. Early detection is critical for effective management and treatment of prostate conditions.
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